Integration of the seismic and geochemistry data to evaluate hydrocarbon potential of the carbonate reservoirs in Tatarstan, Russia

© SGEM2018. The article describes the results of the integration of the geochemical and seismic data on one of the oilfields of Tatarstan Republic in Russian Federation. The complex geological structure of the oil bearing formations of Carboniferous age results in misinterpretation of the geophysical data and drilling of the dry wells. Some potential structural oil traps find from the seismic data interpretation are water bearing. To avoid nonproductive drilling authors studied seismic faults and their connection with the geochemical anomalies. On the first step the faults in the potential oil-bearing formation of the Tournaisian age were traced in the 2D seismic lines. Then the geochemical parameter (propane concentration in the soils) was studied in 90 observation points. The gas anomaly represented by propane is indicative, because the biochemical genesis of methane homologues is practically excluded, and their content in coal is insignificant. That means that the increased content of propane is connected with the presence of hydrocarbons. It appears that in the presents of oil in the formation geochemical anomaly and the fault in the Tournaisian formation are coincide. That can be used as additional source of information to avoid nonproductive drilling

The effect of accelerated cooling on the structure of pipe steels for thermomechanical controlled processing

Scanning electron microscopy with orientation analysis by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method is used to study microstructures and textures formed in low-carbon low-alloy pipe steel after thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) and subsequent quenching with cooling rates of 50 to 700 °/s. It has been established that, in the range of industrial rates of cooling between 50 and 350 °/s from austenitic regions, the γ→α transformation starts at temperatures of 700-670 °C and proceeds by the shear mechanism. As a result, a bainite structure of different dispersity with martensitic inclusions is predominantly formed. © 2018 Author(s)

Determination of the reduction coefficients in a continuous finishing group of stands in a hot rolling mill using artificial neural network

There are many problems when creating digital doubles. One of which is the definition of the source data: in this case, the definition of private reductions (coefficient ratios) in a continuous finishing group of stands of the broadband hot rolling mill 2000 of PJSC Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Work. Algorithms were developed to calculate the thickness of the breakdown bar, the number of stands involved, power required for rolling and coefficient ratios to solve this problem. The algorithms are based on well-known solutions (the Imai method) using neural networks. The training of neural networks was conducted on a sample collected for the period from 01.01.2017 to 01.01.2019 work of the mill in the PyTorch library of the interpreted programming language Python. The average error ϵME of the calculation of coefficient ratios (according to the developed algorithms with neural networks) does not exceed 8.9% and the standard deviation σ does not exceed 0.074. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work is carried out within a framework of the government order (No. FZRU-2020-0011) of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Tensile Deformation and Fracture Behavior of API-5L X70 Line Pipe Steel

Thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP) is employed to obtain the required level of mechanical properties of contemporary HSLA steel plates utilized for gas and oil pipeline production. The strength and crack resistance of pipeline steels are mainly determined by its microstructure and crystallographic texture. In this study, the influence of the structural and textural states of industrially produced API-5L X70-X80 pipeline steels on tensile mechanical properties was analyzed. TMCP routes with different hot rolling temperatures and cooling rates were employed. The texture of steel was assessed using the Taylor factor, which was calculated based on electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The decrease in rolling temperature resulted in the sharper texture characterized by {001} planes banding (cleavage planes in the bcc lattice) parallel to rolling direction. The tensile deformation behavior at the stage of necking was determined by the crystallographic and morphological texture of the material and demonstrated significant anisotropy. Rupture of all investigated samples was accompanied by the development of splitting on the fracture surface. The splitting was localized in the rolling plane similar to the splitting in standard Charpy tests of pipeline steels. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This research was funded by Russian Science Foundation, grant number 22-29-00411

THEORY OF PHASE-LOCKING IN SMALL JOSEPHSON JUNCTION CELLS

Within the RSJ model, we performed a theoretical analysis of phase-locking in elementary strongly coupled Josephson junction cells. For this purpose, we developed a systematic method allowing the investigation of phase-locking in cells with small but non-vanishing loop inductance.The voltages across the junctions are found to be locked with very small phase difference for almost all values of external flux. However, the general behavior of phase-locking is found to be just contrary to that according to weak coupling. In case of strong coupling there is nearly no influence of external magnetic flux on the phases, but the locking-frequency becomes flux-dependent. The influence of parameter splitting is considered as well as the effect of small capacitive shunting of the junctions. Strongly coupled cells show synchronization even for large parameter splitting. Finally, a study of the behavior under external microwave radiation shows that the frequency locking-range becomes strongly flux-dependent, whereas the locking frequency itself turns out to be flux-independent.Comment: 26 pages, REVTEX, 9 PS figures appended in uuencoded form at the end, submitted to Phys. Rev. B

Thermal effect of bainitic transformation in tube steels during accelerated cooling

An original laboratory bench, which allows for modeling technological rates of cooling of hot-rolled sheets in the process of controlled thermomechanical processing (TMCP) has been designed. Samples cut from an industrial sheet of 06G2MB type pipe steel used in production of large diameter pipes with strength grade X80 have been used. Time dependencies of the actual temperature at initial cooling rates of 100 – 500 K / s have been obtained. All processing modes resulted in almost identical structures mainly formed due to the bainitic transformation. The dispersion of structures decreased with the increase of the cooling rate. Thermotechnical calculations were carried out assuming that the temperature equalization over the sample thickness was instant. The times of transformation amounted to 1 – 9 s. Most of the transformation at all cooling modes occurred in conditions close to the isothermal one. The athermal nature of the bainitic transformation in TMCP was recorded. Within the observed interval of cooling rates, the temperature at the starting point of the bainitic transformation was 660 – 730°C. The heat effect approximately was equal to 120 kJ / kg, which is twice larger than the thermal effect of the martensite transformation for low-carbon steels. This fact suggests that the kinetics of the bainitic transformation is largely determined by the energy of the slowest process, namely, the re-arrangement of carbon atoms in the austenite occurring parallelly to the shear transformation of FCC lattice into BCC one. It is assumed that energy contribution of the redistribution process of carbon atoms (if their amount is small) to the thermal effect of the bainitic transformation is comparable, at least, to the energy effect of the shear lattice rearrangement. © 2018, Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Благодарности/Acknowledgements. Работа выпол-нена на  оборудовании ОАО «Аусферр». Работа выпол-нена в  рамках государственного задания ФАНО России, тема «Структура» (”Structure“), номер госрегистрации 0120146333. Авторы выражают признательность за со-действие программе поддержки ведущих университетов РФ в целях повышения их конкурентоспособности № 211 Правительства РФ №02.А03.21.0006./The study was performed on the equipment from OAO “Ausferr”. The study was performed within the framework of the state assignment from the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations of Russian Federation, theme “Structure”, registration number 0120146333. The authors express their gratitud

Integration of the seismic and geochemistry data to evaluate hydrocarbon potential of the carbonate reservoirs in Tatarstan, Russia

© SGEM2018. The article describes the results of the integration of the geochemical and seismic data on one of the oilfields of Tatarstan Republic in Russian Federation. The complex geological structure of the oil bearing formations of Carboniferous age results in misinterpretation of the geophysical data and drilling of the dry wells. Some potential structural oil traps find from the seismic data interpretation are water bearing. To avoid nonproductive drilling authors studied seismic faults and their connection with the geochemical anomalies. On the first step the faults in the potential oil-bearing formation of the Tournaisian age were traced in the 2D seismic lines. Then the geochemical parameter (propane concentration in the soils) was studied in 90 observation points. The gas anomaly represented by propane is indicative, because the biochemical genesis of methane homologues is practically excluded, and their content in coal is insignificant. That means that the increased content of propane is connected with the presence of hydrocarbons. It appears that in the presents of oil in the formation geochemical anomaly and the fault in the Tournaisian formation are coincide. That can be used as additional source of information to avoid nonproductive drilling

Management of patients with neurological complications of diabetes mellitus

The article presents a clinical case of an elderly patient who had consulted a neurologist due to rapidly developed various complications of diabetes in the form of damage to the peripheral and central nervous systems. The debut of diabetic amyotrophy two years ago in our patient was mistakenly considered as a manifestation of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine. The recommended drug therapy did not reduce symptoms and caused gastrointestinal disorders, which led to the independent withdrawal of all drugs. Polypharmacy reduced the patient’s adherence to therapy and reduced the frequency of regular visits to the doctor.The article deals with the pathogenesis of the main neurological complications of diabetes (diabetic neuropathy and cognitive disorders) in elderly people with arterial hypertension. The possibility of their therapeutic correction to reduce the number of medications taken by patients is discussed. Tactics of polymorbid patients taking into account concomitant chronic diseases should include normalization of glucose levels, correction of vascular risk factors, non-pharmacological methods of treatment - lifestyle changes, diet therapy, regular moderate physical activity. The use of alpha-lipoic (thioctic) acid (Berlithion) as a lipophilic antioxidant will help to slow down the development of complications